Lunar calendar for sowing seeds and planting seedlings by month in 2024 in a table: varieties of vegetables and flowers

When determining when to plant seedlings of various plants, it's important to consider the length of their growing season. However, this isn't the only factor to consider. Experienced gardeners, horticulturists, and flower growers often sow according to the lunar calendar. This helps ensure a good harvest and lush flowering.

Sowing seeds for seedlings according to the 2024 Lunar Calendar

The table below shows favorable dates for working with different plants, as well as favorable only for certain groups or at certain times (see below).

Culture	January	February	March	April	May	June
Tomatoes	3-7, 14-16, 18—20, 23-24, 30-31 (late varieties for greenhouses)	1-4, 6—8, 11, 12, 14—16, 19-21, 26-29 (late and mid-season varieties for greenhouses)	1-2, 5-6, 9, 11-12 (for quick consumption), 13-15, 17—19, 26-29 (mid-season varieties, early for greenhouses)	1-3, 5—7, 9—11, 13—16, 21—23, 25, 28—30 (middle and early varieties)	2—4, 11—13, 18—22, 24-27, 30-31 (ultra-early varieties)	3—5, 7—9, 14—20, 23-24, 26—28, 30
Pepper		1-4, 6—8, 11, 12, 14—16, 19-21, 26-29 (late and mid-season varieties)	1-2, 5-6, 9, 11-12 (for quick consumption), 13-15, 17—19, 26-29	1-3, 5—7, 9—11, 13—16, 21—23, 25, 28—30	2—4, 11—13, 18—22, 24-27, 30-31	3—5, 7—9, 14—20, 23-24, 26—28, 30
Eggplant				1-3, 5—7, 9—11, 13—16, 21—23, 25, 28—30	2—4, 11—13, 18—22, 24-27, 30-31
Cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkin, watermelon, melon	5-10, 14-16 (for planting at home or in a greenhouse)	2-8, 11, 12, 14—16, 19-21, (for planting at home or in a greenhouse)	2—4, 13-15, 17—19, 29—31 (for planting at home or in a greenhouse)	5—7, 9—13, 13—16, 18—21(for quick consumption), 21—23, 25.	2—4, 9—13, 18—22, 30-31	7—9, 12—20, 26—28
Legumes	5-10, 18—24 (for planting at home or in a greenhouse)	2-8, 11, 12, 14—16, 19-21	1-2, 5-6, 13-19, 27—29	5—7, 9—16, 21—23, 26-28	9-11, 18—22	7—9, 14—20
Cabbage	1-7, 14-16, 18—20, 27-31 (leaf only)	1-4, 6—8, 11, 12, 14—16, 19—21, 25-29	1-2, 5-6, 9, 13-15, 17—19, 26-27	1-3, 5—7, 9—11, 11—13 (broccoli, cauliflower...), 13—16, 21—23, 25, 28—30	2—4, 9—13, 18-20, 25-27, 30-31	3—5, 7—9, 14—17, 26—28, 30
Onion	1-10, 14-24, 27-31 (forcing for greens)	1-8, (for greens and black seeds on turnips), 11, 12, 14—16 (on greens), 26-29 (black seeds for turnips)	1-6, 9 (blackie), 11-12 (feather), 13-17, 17—19 (not for storage as a turnip), 26—31	1-3, 5—7, 25, 28-30 (onions for turnips) 5—7, 9—11, 13—16, 21—23 (onions for greens)	2—4, 18-20, 24-27, 30-31 (onions) 16-22(feather)	1-3,14—20 (per pen), 3—5, 23-24, 26—28, 30 (onion, chives)
Potato	1-10, 18—20, 27-31 (seeds)	1-8 (setting up for germination in the South), 14—16, 26-29 (sowing for seedlings)	1-6, 9, 13-19, 22—24, 26—31 (for germination)	1-3, 5—7, 9—11, 13—16, 21—23 (germination), 25, 26-30	2—4, 18—22, 24-27, 30-31	3—5, 23-24, 26—28, 30
Celery	1-7, 14-20, 27-31 (root)	1-4, 6—8 (root), 11, 12, 14—16, 26-29 (root, petiolate)	1-2(root, petiolate), 13-15(sheet), 26-29 (root, petiolate)	1-3,5—7,(root, petiolate), 9—11, 21—23(sheet), 25, 26-30 (root)	2—4, 16-18 (sheet), 21-22, 24-27, 30-31	3—5, 7—9, 12—20, 23-24 (root), 26—28, 30 (for indoor growing)
Turnip, radish, radish	3-7, 8-10 (radish only), 14-16, 16—18 (radish), 18—20, 30-31	1-4, 4—6 (radish), 6—8, 11-14 (radish)	1-2, 2—4 (radish), 5-6, 9, 11-12 (radish), 13-15, 26-29, 29—31 (radish) (cold-resistant or for greenhouse)	1-3, 5—7, 9—11, 25, 26-28 (radish), 28—30	2—6, 18—22, 24—25 (radish), 25-27, 30-31	1-3 (radish), 3—5, 23-24, 26—28, 30 (black radish)
Garlic	1-10, 14-24, 27-31 (forcing for greens)	1-8, 11, 12, 14—16 (on greens), 26-29	1-6, 9, 11-12 (feather), 13-15, 26—31 (spring)	1-3, 5—7 (spring) 9—11, 13—16 (for quick consumption), 25, 28—30 (spring)	2—4 (spring), 18-20 (for greens), 24-27, 30-31 (spring)	1-3 (on the pen), 3—5, 14—20 (on the pen), 23-24, 26—28, 30
Salad	1-10, 14-24, 27-31 (in the warmth)	1-4, 6—8, 11-14, 19-21, 26-29 (in warmth or depending on the region)	11—17, 17—22(for quick consumption)	5—7, 9—11, 13—16, 21—23	2—4, 11—22, 30-31	1-3, 7—9, 14-21 26—30
Spinach
Parsley
Flowers	1—3, 3-7, 8—10, 14-16, 16—18, 18—20, 27—30, 30-31	1—4, 6—8, 11, 12, 12—14, 14—16, 16—21, 25-29	1-2, 2—4, 5-6, 9, 11—12, 13-15, 15—17, 17—19, 22—24, 26-29, 29-31	1-3, 5—7, 9—11, 11—13, 13—16, 18—21, 21—23, 25, 26—30	2—4, 9—11, 11—13, 16-18, 18—22, 24-27, 30-31	3—5, 7—9, 12—19, 19—20, 23-24, 26—28, 30
Strawberries, strawberries	5-7, 14-24 (remontant from seeds)	1-4, 6—8, 11, 12, 14-18, 25-29	1-2, 5-6, 9, 13-24, 26-29	1-3, 5—7, 9—13, 13—16, 18—23, 25, 26-30	2—4, 9-13, 16-22, 25-27, 30-31	3—5, 7—9, 12—19, 23-24, 26—28, 30

Below are the following prohibited for sowing, the days before and after the New Moon and Full Moon. Please note highlighted dates, sowing on them must begin and end at certain times (see below for days according to the signs of the Zodiac)

• January - 10, 11, 12, 13, 25, 26, 27;
• February - 8, 9, 10, 21—23, 24—25;
• March - 7-8, 9, 10, 11, 24, 25, 26;
• April - 3—5, 7, 8, 9, 23, 24, 25, 30;
• May - 1-2, 7, 8, 9, 22, 23, 24, 28-30;
• June - 5, 6, 7, 21, 22, 24—26.

Conventional designations:

• «+" - good fertility;
• «+/-" - average fertility;
• «—" - low fertility;
• ◐ — Waxing moon;
• ◑ — Waning Moon;
• ● — New Moon;
• ○ — Full moon.

What can and should be sown in January, favorable days in 2024

Let's look at the plants that can already be planted, and some should be, in January. These are typically crops with the longest growing seasons. But first, let's understand how the moon and zodiac signs behave in January.

Moon phases in January 2024:

• ◑— 1-10, 26-31.
• ● — 11 (14 hours 57 minutes).
• ◐ — 12-24.
• ○— 25 (20h 54m).

Days according to the Zodiac signs:

• ♍ Virgo — 1-3 (until 03:46), 27 (from 22:12)-30 (until 11:04).
• ♎ Libra — 3 (from 03:46)-5 (until 15:34), 30 (from 11:04)-31.
• ♏ Scorpio - 5 (up to 15h 34m)-7.
• ♐ Sagittarius - 8-10 (until 04:32).
• ♑ Capricorn — 10 (from 04:32)-12 (until 06:01).
• ♒ Aquarius — 12 (from 06:01) - 14 (until 06:28).
• ♓ Pisces — 14 (from 06:28)-16 (until 07:49).
• ♈ Aries - 16 (from 07:49 a.m.)-18 (until 11:11 a.m.).
• ♉ Taurus - 18 (from 11:11 a.m.)-20 (until 16:58 p.m.).
• ♊ Gemini — 20 (from 16:58)-22.
• ♋ Cancer - 23-25 ​​(until 10:37 am).
• ♌ Leo — 25 (from 10:37 a.m.) - 27 (until 10:12 p.m.).

Late-ripening tomatoes

In January, you can plant late tomatoes for seedlings. The best dates for this are: 3-7, 14-16, 18—20, 23-24, 30-31.

Table of late-ripening tomato varieties

Variety	Ripening period (number of days from full germination to ripening) Yield of commercial fruits	Brief description	Fetus
Abakan pink	120 days or more 400 c/ha	A late-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products.	Flat-round, slightly ribbed, medium density and pink in color, 200-500 g. Good taste.
St. Andrew's surprise	about 120 days 800 c/ha	A late-ripening indeterminate variety for greenhouses (can be grown outdoors in the south). Suitable for salads, juices, and tomato paste. Seedlings tolerate low light conditions well.	Flat-round, smooth, medium density, pink, 150-230 g. Excellent taste.
Bobcat	120-130 days 224-412 c/ha	A late-ripening, determinate variety for open ground. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products. Marketability 75-96%.	Flat-round, ribbed to strongly ribbed, dense, red, 90-226 g. The taste of the fruit is good, the tomato juice is good to excellent.
Red and pink bull	110-120 days 385-392 c/ha	A late-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads. Marketability: 89.5-90.3%.	Large, medium-ribbed, flat-round, red with a dark spot near the stalk and pink, 305-310 g.
Bull's heart (red)	120-125 days 300-400 c/ha Important! There are other colors besides red, see the article (hover over the variety name to jump).	A late-to-mid-late determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Heart-shaped, smooth, fleshy, red, 108-225 g. Excellent taste.
Volgograd (5/95)	116-130 days 374-1035 c/ha (20-25% of the total yield ripens within 15 days of fruiting) Important! There are other varieties with similar names; see the article (hover over the variety name to jump).	A late-ripening, indeterminate, standard, compact variety for open ground. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products.	Flat-round, smooth and slightly ribbed, medium-sized and large, red, 90-150 g. Good to excellent taste.
Ox heart	105-120 days 630-690 c/ha Important! There are other colors besides this one; see the article (hover over the variety name to jump).	A late-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads. Grows best in southern Russia.	Heart-shaped, medium-ribbed, pink-raspberry, 150-300 g. Good taste.
Mushroom basket	115-120 days 630 c/ha	A late-ripening, indeterminate, standard variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, very strongly ribbed, medium density, pink, 250 g. Good taste.
De Barao red	120-130 days 500-600 c/ha Important! There are other colors besides red, see the article (hover over the variety name to jump).	A late-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads and whole-fruit canning.	Ovoid, smooth, red, 30 g. Excellent taste.
Raspberry	110-120 days 300 c/ha	A late-ripening, determinate, standard variety for open ground and under plastic shelters. Suitable for salads.	Round, smooth, loose, raspberry, 100-130 g. Good taste.
Russian size	125-127 days 700-800 c/ha	A late-ripening indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, slightly ribbed, red, 630 g. Excellent taste.
Yellow date palm	120-130 days 400-450 c/ha Important! There are other colors besides this one; see the article (hover over the variety name to jump).	A mid-late semi-determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping into 3-4 stems. Suitable for salads, garnishing, and canning.	Oval, smooth, yellow, 20 g. Excellent taste.
Wonder of the World	120 days 550-620 c/ha	A late-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads and pickling.	Obovate, slightly ribbed, yellow, 80 g. Good taste.
Yusupovsky	110-115 days 100-1200 c/ha	A late-ripening, tall, indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads, juices, and sauces.	Flat-round, large, fleshy, pink-red, 400-800 g. When grown in open ground, the weight is from 200 g.
Amber 530	95 days 200-270 c/ha Important! There are other varieties with similar names; see the article (hover over the variety name to jump).	A late-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground. Requires staking. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, smooth, dense, orange, 83 g (up to 140 g). Good taste.

Photo gallery of late tomato varieties

About the best varieties of tomatoes Read on our website http://top.tomathouse.com.

Late pepper varieties

Peppers can be planted from the 2nd ten days of January: 14-16, 18—20, 23-24, 30-31.

The following varieties are suitable:

• Yellow bell;
• Hercules;
• Yellow cockatoo;
• New Year's octopus.

Photo gallery of late-ripening peppers

If you are wondering what they are varieties of peppers of different colors, shapes and tastes Read the article on our website.

Mid-season eggplants

The following eggplant varieties are suitable for January sowing:

• Diamond;
• Torpedo;
• Black beauty;
• Sofia.

Favorable numbers for this: 14-16, 18—20, 23-24, 30-31.

Photo gallery of mid-season eggplant varieties

About different eggplant varieties Read on Top.tomathouse.com.

Winter cucumbers

You can grow cucumbers indoors in winter. There are many different varieties suitable for windowsill planting.

Bee-pollinated hybrids (you need to pollinate them yourself at home):

• F1 Athlete;
• F1 suitor.

Parthenocarpic (do not need pollination):

• Monsieur Olivier F1;
• Provencal Capital F1;
• Moscow salad F1;
• Berendey F1;
• Quadrille F1;
• Bobrik F1.

Photo gallery of shade-tolerant cucumber varieties

You can begin sowing in December and continue into January for a February harvest. These are special shade-tolerant varieties, but they should be planted in the brightest spot, a south- or east-facing window, and provided with supplemental lighting.

Favorable dates in January: 5-10, 14-16.

Read more about growing cucumbers at home in the articleHow to grow cucumbers on a balcony or window.

Flowers sown in January

January is also suitable for sowing flowers with a long growing season; favorable dates are:

• Annuals - 1—3, 3-7, 8—10, 14-16,18-20, 20—23, 27—30, 30-31.
• Perennials - 1—3, 3-7, 8—10, 14-16, 16—18, 18—20, 27—30, 30-31
• Tubers and bulbs for forcing - 1-7, 18-20, 27-31.
• Ampelous and curly - 1-5, 8-10, 20-22, 27-30.
• House flowers - 1-7, 16—18, 18—20, 27-31.

For example:

• lobelia;
• begonias;
• Turkish carnation;
• heliotrope;
• petunias.

Photo gallery of flowers with a long growing season

The first shoots will appear in 2-4 weeks. They will bloom after six months.

Read more about planting and caring for flowers in January in the articleLunar calendar for January 2024.

Berry plants from seeds

From berries in the first month of the year you can sow strawberries and wild strawberries: 5-7, 14-24.

Winter sowing will produce stronger seedlings compared to autumn sowing.

Other crops to sow in January

You can sow root celery. The best days for this are: 1-7, 14-20, 27-31. Soak them for 15 minutes in a pale pink solution of potassium permanganate, then soak them in a honey solution (1 teaspoon per 1 glass of settled or melted water) to swell.

Don't forget that when growing seedlings in the winter months, it is essential to provide illumination to the plantings.

More about the work in January in the articleLunar calendar for gardeners and vegetable growers for January 2024.

What can and should be sown in February, favorable days in 2024

In February, we continue sowing tomatoes, peppers, and eggplant seedlings—mid-season and mid-early varieties for growing in a warm greenhouse or on a windowsill, or late-season varieties for growing outdoors. We continue sowing celery root, and so on. We'll take a closer look below.

Please note highlighted dates, planting work on them must be started and completed at certain times (see below for days according to the signs of the Zodiac).

Moon phases in February 2024:

• ◑ — 1-9, 25-29.
• ● — 10 (02:00).
• ◐ — 11-23.
• ○ — 24 (15h 30m).

Days according to the Zodiac signs:

• ♎ Libra — 1-1 (until 23:37), 26 (from 17:28)-28.
• ♏ Scorpio - 1 (from 23h 37m)-4 (until 09h 27m), 29.
• ♐ Sagittarius - 4 (from 09:27 a.m.)-6 (until 15:08 p.m.).
• ♑ Capricorn - 6 (from 15:08) - 8 (until 16:59).
• ♒ Aquarius - 8 (from 16:59)-10 (until 16:42).
• ♓ Pisces — 10 (from 16:42) - 12 (until 16:25).
• ♈ Aries - 12 (from 16:25)-14 (until 18:01).
• ♉ Taurus — 14 (from 18:01) - 16 (until 22:38).
• ♊ Gemini - 16 (from 22h 38m) - 18.
• ♋ Cancer - 19-21 (until 16:40).
• ♌ Leo - 21 (from 16:40)-23.
• ♍ Virgo — 24-26 (up to 17:28).

Mid-season, mid-early tomato varieties

The best days for sowing tomato seedlings in February: 1-4, 6—8, 11, 12, 14—16, 19-21, 26-29We plant mid-season, mid-early and late varieties.

See the table above for late ones. See the table below for mid-term ones.

Table of mid-season and mid-early tomato varieties

Variety	Ripening period (number of days from full germination to ripening) Yield of commercial fruits	Brief description	Fetus
Abakan red	110-115 days 600 c/ha	A mid-season variety for growing in cool climates, both indoors and outdoors. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products.	Heart-shaped, with dense skin, red, 500-700 g. Pleasant, aromatic taste.
Alyosha Popovich	125-130 days (can be sown in January) 600-640 c/ha	A mid-season indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads. Easy to transport. Resistant to adverse growing conditions.	Round, slightly ribbed, medium density, red, 150-200 g. Good taste.
Scarlet Mustang	115-120 days 391 c/ha	A mid-early (according to the registry), indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for canning. It has a very high marketability (97.3%).	Medium, cylindrical, hard, slightly ribbed, red, 95 g.
Altai orange	110-115 days up to 1000 c/ha (under film)	A mid-season indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, slightly ribbed, medium density, orange, 250-350 g. Good taste.
Altai masterpiece	110-150 days (sowing in January is possible) up to 1000 c/ha (under film)	A mid-season indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, medium-ribbed, medium density, red, 300-400 g. Good taste.
Astrakhan	115-122 days 516-724 c/ha, maximum 986 c/ha	A mid-season, indeterminate, standard variety for open ground. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products.	Round, red, smooth, 102-106 g. Good taste.
Ox heart Minusinsk	115-125 days 1100-1200 c/ha	An indeterminate, mid-season variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads and tomato processing.	Pink, heart-shaped, 200-400 g. Sweetish taste.
Striped ox heart	110-120 days 700 c/ha	A semi-determinate, mid-season variety for greenhouses. Requires staking and training. Suitable for fresh consumption, juice, and paste production. Preferred for cultivation in southern Russia.	Heart-shaped, round, pink with yellow-orange stripes. 150-200 g. Sweet, pleasant taste.
Gazpacho	115-125 days 194-321 c/ha, maximum 855 c/ha (Stavropol region).	A mid-season determinate variety for open ground. Suitable for salads, canning, and processing into tomato products. Marketability up to 98%.	Cylindrical, slightly ribbed, dense, red, 45-80 g. The taste is good and excellent.
Königsberg	115 days 460-2000 c/ha Important! There are other colors besides red, see the article (hover over the variety name to jump).	An indeterminate, mid-season variety for garden beds. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products. Marketability: 56% (Novosibirsk Region). Heat-resistant.	Cylindrical, smooth, dense, good keeping quality, red, 155-230 g (up to 300 g). Excellent taste.
King of Siberia	110-120 days 900-1115 c/ha	A mid-season indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Requires shaping and support. Suitable for salads and canning.	Heart-shaped, slightly ribbed, orange, 400-800 g. Good to excellent taste.
Cosmonaut Volkov	110 days 1500-2000 c/ha	A mid-early indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Suitable for salads, appetizers, and processing into tomato products.	Flat-round, slightly ribbed, red, 300-500 g (up to 700 g). Excellent taste.
Kostroma	105-110 days 1350-1500 c/ha	A mid-season determinate variety for greenhouses. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads, whole-fruit canning, and processing into tomato products.	Flat-round, slightly ribbed, glossy, red or orange, 80-150 g. Good taste, sweet and sour.
Talker	118-120 days 750-800 c/ha	A mid-season indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads, pickling, and processing into tomato products.	Flat-round, dense, slightly ribbed, red, 325-371 g. Excellent taste.
Mom's Raspberry Heart	112-120 days 1200-1500 c/ha	A mid-season indeterminate variety for greenhouses and open ground. Suitable for salads and canning.	Heart-shaped, ribbed, pink, 300-600 g (up to 1200 g). Excellent taste.
Mandarin duck	106-113 days 860-980 c/ha	A mid-early indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Requires staking and training into two stems. Suitable for salads, pickling, and salting.	Round, orange, 100-110 g. Excellent taste.
Minusinsk balls	110-122 days Up to 1500 c/ha subject to agricultural practices	A mid-season indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Requires staking and training into single or double stems. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products.	Round-heart-shaped, ribbed, pinkish-red, 150-250 g. Excellent taste.
Minusinsk barrel	112-125 days 900-1200 c/ha	Mid-season indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping into 1-2 stems. Suitable for salads, processing into tomato products, and canning.	Flat-round, slightly ribbed, red, 250-500 g. Good to excellent taste.
Siberian Troika	about 120 days 600 c/ha	A mid-season determinate variety for open ground. Suitable for salads and canning, including whole-fruit preserves. Heat-resistant.	Cylindrical with a spout, smooth, dense, red, 80-100 g (up to 200 g). Excellent taste.
Siberian kilogram	116-120 days 600-1000 c/ha	A mid-season indeterminate variety for greenhouses and open ground. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products.	Round, slightly ribbed, red, 600-1500 g. Good to excellent taste.
Siberian tiger	110-120 days Up to 1200 c/ha	A mid-season indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and training into 1-2 stems. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products.	Flat-round, ribbed, dark pink with dark purple streaks, 150-250 g. Excellent taste.
Favorite	110-115 days Up to 1800 c/ha Important! There are other varieties called Favorite, see the article (hover over the variety name to jump).	A mid-early indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Requires staking and training into two stems. Suitable for salads and canning.	Flat-round, smooth, red, 140 g. Excellent taste.
Finish	123-131 days The commercial fruit yield is 263-615 c/ha, while the Fakel standard yield is 219-742 c/ha. The maximum yield was achieved in the Volgograd region—615 c/ha.	A late-ripening, determinate, non-standard variety for open ground cultivation. Suitable for salads and tomato processing, as well as for shipping fresh fruit to industrial centers across the country.	Flat and round, orange-red, smooth, 71-90 g. Excellent taste.

Photo gallery of mid-season and mid-early tomatoes

Mid-season peppers

This month we're sowing late and mid-season pepper varieties for seedlings. The best days for this are: 1-4, 6—8, 11, 12, 14—16, 19-21, 26-29.

Peppers:

• California Miracle;
• Gemini;
• Lumina;
• Ox ear;
• Bogatyr;
• Gift of Moldova;
• Atlas;
• Flight F1;
• Red Bell is a semi-hot, spicy pepper.

Photo gallery of mid-season peppers

Planting peppers for seedlings and the best varieties with reviews in the articlePlanting pepper seeds for seedlings in 2024: sowing calendar, best varieties, preparation, rules, care.

Eggplants, mid-season and early ripening

In February, we continue sowing eggplants, giving preference to varieties that have a period of 110-130 days from full germination to the onset of technical ripeness of the fruit.

Eggplants: Goliath F1, Vikar, Mishutka, Aleshka, Salamandra.

Photo gallery of mid- and early-ripening eggplants

The article explains how and when it's best to plant eggplant seedlings.Planting (sowing) eggplant seedlings: when to plant in 2024, favorable days, rules, tips.

And, there's also a lot of advice on the best varieties, sowing methods, planting, and care on our website. Top.tomathouse.com: All About Gardening (top.tomathouse.com).

Flowers of mid-season ripening

Favorable days for sowing in February:

• Annuals - 1-4, 6—8, 11, 12, 14—16, 16—21, 26-29.
• Biennials and perennials - 1—4, 6—8, 11, 12, 12—14, 14—16, 16—21, 25-29.
• Ampelous and curly - 1, 4-6, 14-18, 25-28
• Tuberous and bulbous, including for forcing - 1-8, 14—16, 25-29.
• Houseplants - 1, 6—8, 14—16, 19—21, 26-28.

At the lavender, violas And salvia The growing season lasts 5 months. To achieve flowering in June-July, sowing should be done in mid-February.

Photo gallery of mid-season flowers

You can plant it this month geraniumThe day is selected depending on when it is necessary to achieve its flowering.

Read more about planting and caring for flowers in February in the articleLunar sowing calendar for gardeners for February 2024.

Other crops to sow in February

You can sow celery: 1-4, 6—8 (root), 11, 12, 14—16, 26-29 (root, petiolate).

In February, it is not too late to sow potato seeds to get tubers for planting. Favorable dates for this are: 14—16, 26-29.

Read the article to find out how to do this.Growing Potatoes from Seed at Home + 6 Methods and 6 Varieties with Photos.

Read more about what you can plant and what work to do in February in the article Gardener's and vegetable grower's lunar calendar for February 2024.

What to sow in March 2024

It is important to sow vegetable and flower seeds and care for the seedlings in March.

Moon phases in March 2024:

• ◑ — 1-9, 26-31.
• ● — 10 (12:00).
• ◐ — 11-24.
• ○ — 25 (10:00 a.m.).

Days according to the Zodiac signs:

• ♏ Scorpio - 1-2 (until 16:56), 27 (from 12:02)-29 (until 22:52).
• ♐ Sagittarius - 2 (from 16:56)-4, 29 (from 22:52)-31.
• ♑ Capricorn - 5-6.
• ♒ Aquarius - 7-8.
• ♓ Pisces – 9-10.
• ♈ Aries - 11-12.
• ♉ Taurus — 13-15 (until 06:15).
• ♊ Gemini — 15 (from 06:15) - 17 (until 12:41).
• ♋ Cancer - 17 (until 12:41 pm)-19 (until 22:32 pm).
• ♌ Leo - 19 (from 22:32 pm) - 22 (until 10:42 pm).
• ♍ Virgo — 22 (from 10:42)-24.
• ♎ Libra — 25-27 (until 12:02).

Sowing early ripening tomatoes

At the beginning of the month: 1-2, 5-6, 9, 11-12 (for quick consumption) you can plant mid-season tomato varieties for the greenhouse.

Table of early ripening tomato varieties

Variety	Ripening period (number of days from full germination to ripening) Yield of commercial fruits	Brief description	Fetus
Agatha	98-113 days 583-676 c/ha	An early-ripening, determinate, non-standard variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, smooth, red, 77-99 g. Taste qualities 3.8-5 points.
Agatha Plus	98-113 days 301-798 c/ha	An early-to-mid-early determinate variety for open ground. Suitable for salads.	Round, smooth, medium density, red, 128-190 g. The taste is good and excellent.
Openwork	105-110 days 610 c/ha	An early-ripening, determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Round, smooth, dense, fleshy, red, 220-250 g. Good taste.
Alsou	105-110 days 700 c/ha	An early-ripening, determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, slightly ribbed, medium density, red, 312 g. Good taste.
Aphrodite	70-100 days depending on climatic conditions 800 c/ha	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Round, smooth, medium density, red, 100-115 g. Good taste.
Fighter	95 days 230 c/ha	An early-ripening, determinate, standard variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads, canning, and pickling. Marketability: 72%. Drought-resistant.	Cylindrical, smooth, red, 67-88 g. Good taste.
Explosion	93-100 days 410 c/ha	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads. Drought-resistant.	Round, slightly ribbed, medium density, red, 90 g. Good taste.
Black cherry	112 days 350 c/ha	An early-ripening indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Suitable for salads and canning.	Round, smooth, brown, 18 g. Excellent taste.
Yellow cherry	95-96 days 300-400 c/ha (1 kg per plant)	An early-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground. Requires staking, pinching, and side shoots above the third or fourth cluster. Suitable for salads and whole-clump canning.	Round, yellow, smooth, 15-20 g. The taste is good and excellent.
Red cherry	95-102 days 300-400 c/ha (1 kg per plant)	An early-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking, pinching, and side shoots above the third or fourth cluster. Suitable for salads and whole-clump canning.	Round, red, smooth, 15-20 g. The taste is good and excellent.
Oak tree	95 days 600-800 c/ha	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads (imparting a tart flavor), canning, and processing into tomato products.	Round, slightly ribbed, bright red, 50-100 g. Good taste.
Oak grove	85-105 days 133-349 c/ha (Central region), 224-551 c/ha (Volga-Vyatka region), maximum 551 c/ha (Mari El Republic)	An early-ripening, determinate variety for open ground. Suitable for salads, pickling, and processing into tomato products.	Round, red, smooth, 53-110 g. The taste is satisfactory and good.
Thumbelina	90-95 days 470 c/ha (greenhouse and under film)	An early-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads and whole-fruit canning.	Round, smooth, dense, red, 15-25 g. Excellent taste.
Golden brush	95-98 days 640 c/ha (greenhouse and under film)	An early-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads.	Pear-shaped, small, slightly ribbed, medium density, red, 25-35 g. Excellent taste.
The Golden Fleece	98 days 600 c/ha (greenhouse and under film)	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads and whole-fruit canning.	Ovoid, smooth, medium density, yellow, 90-100 g. Good taste.
Heart of Gold	93-95 days up to 700 c/ha	An early-ripening, determinate variety for open ground cultivation. Suitable for salads, whole-fruit canning, and processing into tomato products (dietary juices).	Heart-shaped, slightly ribbed, orange, 90-107 g. Good flavor. The fruits contain increased amounts of carotene.
Kate	80-85 days 326-550 c/ha	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground. Suitable for salads. Marketability: 84-90%.	Flat-round, smooth, crack-resistant, red, 80-92 g. Good to excellent taste.
Katya is pink	80-85 days 1600-1800 c/ha	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground. Suitable for salads. Marketability: 84-90%.	Flat-round, medium density, smooth, pink, 120-130 g. Good taste.
King of the Early	85-95 days depending on the growing location 1200 c/ha	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products.	Flat-round, smooth, red, 150-200 g (up to 400 g). Good taste.
Cupid	90 days 660 c/ha	An early-ripening, determinate variety for open ground. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products. Drought-resistant.	Round, smooth, red, 80-100 g. Good taste.
Labrador	70-80 days 750-1600 c/ha (2.5-4 kg per bush)	An early (ultra-early) determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products (juices, pastes, sauces). Not suitable for canning due to cracking. Poor shelf life.	Apple-shaped, large, fleshy, red, 70-150 g. Excellent taste, rich, sweet and sour.
Lyana	94-110 days (Central region), 115-123 days (East Siberian region) 267-320 c/ha (Central region), 456 c/ha (East Siberian region), maximum 713 c/ha (Republic of Khakassia).	An early-ripening, determinate, non-standard variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads and whole-fruit canning.	Round, smooth, red, 65-83 g. Excellent taste.
Mazarin Aelita	95-105 days depending on the region 1350-1400 c/ha (greenhouse and under film) Important! This variety is available from other agricultural companies; see the article (hover over the variety name to jump).	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads and whole-fruit canning.	Round with a spout, smooth, dense, red, 150-190 g. Excellent taste.
Raspberry Empire	95-110 days 2000 c/ha	An early-ripening indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Suitable for salads and pickling.	Heart-shaped, medium density, medium-ribbed, raspberry, 150-200 g. Excellent taste.
Raspberry Liana	85-90 days 700 c/ha	An early (ultra-early) determinate standard variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads, canning, and processing into tomato products.	Round, smooth, raspberry-pink, 65-90 g. Good taste.
Crimson sunset	90 days 1200 c/ha (greenhouse and under film)	An early-ripening, tall variety. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Round, pinkish, ribbed, 340 g. Excellent taste.
Raspberry wine	105 days 1200-1400 c/ha (greenhouse and under film)	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Round, large, smooth, medium density, raspberry, 350 g. Excellent taste.
Bright robin	90 days 1200 c/ha (greenhouse and under film)	An early-ripening, low-growing, determinate variety. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Round, raspberry, with slight ribbing, 400 g. Rich taste.
Raspberry ringing	115-120 days 450 c/ha	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Round, smooth, medium density, pink, 150 g. Excellent taste.
Raspberry Farmer	85-90 days 1000 c/ha	An early-ripening determinate variety for greenhouses. Suitable for salads.	Round, dense, slightly ribbed, cocktail, raspberry, 50-60 g. Good taste.
Raspberry mousse	90-95 days 1600-1700 c/ha (open ground), 2000-2200 c/ha (greenhouse and under film)	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Training into 3-4 stems is recommended. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products.	Round, large, dense, pink, 200-300 g. Excellent taste.
Honey Giant	110-115 days 750-800 c/ha (greenhouse and under film)	An early-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, ribbed, medium density, orange, 250-300 g. Good taste.
Minusinsk home	110-120 days Up to 1500 c/ha	An early-ripening indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping into 1-2 stems. Suitable for processing into tomato products and canning.	Heart-shaped, slightly ribbed, raspberry, 350-500 g. Excellent taste.
Snowdrop	80-90 days 600 c/ha	An early-ripening, determinate variety for open ground. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads and pickling.	Flat-round, slightly ribbed, red, 120-130 g. Good taste.
Pot-bellied house	about 100 days 820-920 c/ha (greenhouse and under film)	An early-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Pear-shaped, ribbed, medium density, red, 200-260 g. Good taste.
Heart of Siberia	92-110 days The yield of commercial fruits is 7.9 kg/sq.m.	An indeterminate, early-ripening, tall tomato variety intended for planting in open ground or greenhouses.	Large, heart-shaped, slightly ribbed, pink tomatoes weighing 300-400 g. An excellent salad variety, ideal for making juices, sauces, ketchup, and other preserves.
Siberian big guy	90-100 days 900-1200 c/ha	An early-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads, processing into tomato products, and preparing first and second courses.	Flat-round, slightly ribbed, red, 500 g. Good to excellent taste.
Siberian pirouette	85-100 days The yield of commercial fruits is 6.0-6.5 kg/sq.m.	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and training. Suitable for salads, pickling, and whole-fruit canning.	Cylindrical, smooth, dense, resistant to cracking, red, 65-70 g. Excellent taste.
Siberian early ripening	98-108 days 289-543 c/ha (open ground), 20-43% of the total yield ripens in 15 days of fruiting, 630-950 c/ha (greenhouse and under film), in the first month of fruiting 240-580 c/ha.	An early-ripening, determinate, low-growing variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads.	Round and flat-round, slightly ribbed, medium-sized and large, red, 62-114 g. The taste is satisfactory.
Tiger cub	110-120 days 930-950 c/g.	Early-ripening, indeterminate variety. Grown in open ground and under plastic covers in private gardens. Requires staking and pinching. Suitable for salads and canning, including whole-fruit preserves.	Round, smooth, medium-dense, weighing 30-35g. Turns red when ripe. Good flavor.
Tiger Cocktail	100-120 days 820 c/g.	An early-ripening, first-generation indeterminate hybrid. Grown in greenhouses and garden beds on private plots. Requires staking and pinching. Suitable for salads.	The fruits average 40 g, are round, not very firm, and have slight ribbing. They turn red when ripe. The flavor is good.

Photo gallery of early-ripening tomato varieties

Planting early tomatoes, for which the period between emergence and planting in the ground is 45 days will be grown in beds, carried out in the second ten days of March: 13-15, 17—19, 26-29.

Sowing different vegetables

You can also sow seeds of early varieties of bell pepper: 1-2, 5-6, 9, 11-12 (for quick consumption), 13-15, 17—19, 26-29.

Early varieties of pepper:

• Ivanhoe;
• Triton;
• Pinocchio;
• Rosy cheeks;
• Oriole.

Photo gallery of early pepper varieties

Also, on the 20th of the month you can start sowing:

• cauliflower and white cabbage: 1-2, 5-6, 9, 13-15, 17—19, 26-27;
• onions for turnips from black seeds: 1-6, 9, 13-17, 17—19, (for quick consumption), 26—31;
• radishes in open ground under cover: 1-2, 2—4, 5-6, 9, 11-12 (cold-resistant), 13-15, 26-29, 29—31;
• melons: 2—4, 13-15, 17—19, 29—31;
• legumes: 1-2, 5-6, 13-19, 27—29.

For reference! Some people buy ready-made onion seedlings (onion sets) and plant them directly in the ground. However, growing onions from seeds is cheaper.

More about sowing, planting and other work in March Read on our website.

Sowing flowers

Starting from 9 numbers, you can start sowing:

• dahlias;
• echinacea;
• alyssum;
• Iberis;
• coleus;
• bells;
• herbal cloves;
• violets;
• phloxes;
• matthiola.

Photo gallery of flowers for sowing in March

The exact timing depends on the plant species.

• Annuals - 1-2, 2—4, 5-6, 9, 11—15, 17—19, 19—24, 26-29,29-31.
• Biennials and perennials - 1-2, 2—4, 5-6, 9, 11—12, 13-15, 15—17, 17—19, 22—24, 26-29, 29-31.
• Ampelous and curly - 2—4, 11-12, 15—17, 22—24, 29-31.
• Tuberous and bulbous - 1-6, 13-15, 26-31.
• Houseplants - 1-2, 5-6, 9, 11—12, 13-15, 17—19, 22—24, 26-29.

Read more in the article Lunar calendar for March 2024.

Planting in open ground will be possible no earlier than the 20th of May.

What to plant in April 2024

We're planting mid-season and early tomatoes and cucumbers. We're sowing pumpkin seedlings.

Moon phases in April 2024:

• ◑ — 1-7, 25-30
• ● — 8 (21h 20m).
• ◐ — 9-23.
• ○ — 24 (02h 48m).

Days by Zodiac Sign:

• ♑ Capricorn — 1 (from 7:04 a.m.)-3 (until 7:00 p.m.), 28 (from 12:37 a.m.)-30 (until 6:20 p.m.).
• ♒ Aquarius — 3 (from 12:07 p.m.)-5:04 (until 2:00 p.m. 12 p.m.), 30 (from 6:20 p.m.)-30.
• ♓ Pisces - 5 (from 2:12 pm) - 7 (until 2:24 pm).
• ♈ Aries - 7 (from 14:24)-9 (until 14:22).
• ♉ Taurus — 9 (from 14:22) - 11 (until 15:57).
• ♊ Gemini — 11 (from 15:57)-13 (until 20:44).
• ♋ Cancer — 13 (from 20:44) - 16 (until 05:24).
• ♌ Leo — 16 (from 05:24)-18 (until 17:09).
• ♍ Virgo - 18 (from 17:09)-21 (until 06:08).
• ♎ Libra — 21 (from 06:08) - 23 (until 18:19).
• ♏ Scorpio — 23 (from 6 p.m. to 7 p.m.)-25.
• ♐ Sagittarius - 26-28 (until 12:37).

Ultra-early tomatoes

At the beginning of the month, you can plant mid-season and early tomatoes, as well as ultra-early ones. Favorable dates for this: 1-3, 5—7, 9—11, 13—16, 21—23, 25, 28—30.

Table of ultra-early ripening tomatoes

Variety	Ripening period (number of days from full germination to ripening) Yield of commercial fruits	Brief description	Fetus
Alpha	87-96 days 620 c/ha	An ultra-early, determinate, standard variety for open ground. Suitable for salads.	Round, smooth, red, 60-80 g. Good taste.
Labrador	70-80 days 750-1600 c/ha (2.5-4 kg per bush)	An early (ultra-early) determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products (juices, pastes, sauces). Not suitable for canning due to cracking. Poor shelf life.	Apple-shaped, large, fleshy, red, 70-150 g. Excellent taste, rich, sweet and sour.
Leopold	89 days 790 c/ha	An ultra-early determinate variety for greenhouses. Suitable for salads and canning. Marketability: 97%.	Round, smooth, matte, red with a green spot, 81-102 g. The taste is good to excellent.
Raspberry Liana	85-90 days 700 c/ha	An early (ultra-early) determinate standard variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads, canning, and processing into tomato products.	Round, smooth, raspberry-pink, 65-90 g. Good taste.
A gardener's dream	95-100 days 630 c/ha	An ultra-early determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, smooth, medium density, red, 80 g. Good taste.
Pink miracle	70-90 days (in a greenhouse and in open ground) 230 c/ha	An ultra-early determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Round, smooth, medium density, raspberry, 100 g. Excellent taste.
Pink Leader	85-90 days 800 c/ha	An ultra-early, determinate, standard variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, slightly ribbed, dense, pink, 150-170 g. Excellent taste.
Sweet cherry	75-83 days 900-1200 c/ha	An ultra-early indeterminate variety for greenhouses. Suitable for salads, first and second courses, and canning.	Spherical, smooth, red, yellow or orange, 20-30 g. Excellent taste.
Northern baby	80-95 days 190 c/ha	An ultra-early determinate variety for open ground cultivation. Suitable for salads and whole-fruit canning.	Round, smooth, medium density, red, 45-60 g. Good taste.
Superstar	85-90 days Up to 1200 c/ha	An ultra-early semi-determinate variety for greenhouses. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, strongly ribbed, red, 250 g. Excellent taste.
Ultra-early	60-65 days 750-1000 c/ha	An ultra-early determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads and processing into tomato products.	Flat-round, smooth, orange-red, 100-120 g (up to 150 g). Excellent taste.

Photo gallery of ultra-early ripening tomatoes

Read more about growing tomato seedlings in the articleTomato seedlings at home.

Early ripening cucumbers

From the beginning of the month, you can sow early ripening cucumbers, which will be planted in a greenhouse in just 4 weeks.

Favorable dates: 5—7, 9—13, 13—16, 18—21(for quick consumption), 21—23, 25.

These include the following varieties:

• April;
• Herman F1;
• Bushy;
• Cuckoo;
• Sphinx F1;
• Benefit;
• May F1;
• Orlik F1.

Photo gallery of early ripening cucumbers

About different ultra-early cucumber varieties for greenhouses, gherkinsread on our website

In April, you can keep seedlings in containers in a greenhouse. This will prepare them for outdoor use. It's recommended to bring them indoors at night, as there's still a risk of frost.

You don't have to grow seedlings, but sow cucumber seeds in a greenhouse or directly into open ground.

The influence of the Moon on sowing times, recommendations for choosing the day

You can start sowing seeds as early as the beginning of the new year, in January. Before planting, be sure to check the moon's phase.

There are four of them in total:

• ◐ — growing;
• ○ — Full moon;
• ◑ — decreasing;
• ● — New moon.

The most favorable period is during the waxing moon. At this time, the Earth helps plants develop, giving them all its riches. To ensure uniform germination and healthy sprouts, it's best to sow seeds for seedlings during this period.

The New Moon and Full Moon are considered the most unfavorable. It's best to avoid planting during these times, as they will germinate poorly and develop slowly. It's recommended to focus on other tasks, such as disease and pest control, tillage, and so on.

Please note! The days before and after the new moon and full moon are also unfavorable. Sowing during these times is also not recommended.

Before planting seeds to grow seedlings, it's important to consider not only the phase but also the zodiac. The table below lists the most favorable signs for specific plants.

Legend:

• d.h. - planting for long-term storage;
• r. l. - plant when the moon is waxing;
• u. l. - planting during the waning moon;
• l. l. - can be planted on any Moon;
• b. u. - planting for quick consumption;
• n.s. - it is better to refuse sowing and planting.
• ♌ — Leo;
• ♍ — Virgo;
• ♎ — Libra;
• ♏ — Scorpio;
• ♐ — Sagittarius;
• ♑ — Capricorn;
• ♒ — Aquarius;
• ♓ — Pisces;
• ♈ — Aries;
• ♉ — Taurus;
• ♊ — Gemini;
• ♋ — Cancer.

Culture

♑

♒

♓

♈

♉

♊

♋

♌

♍

♎

♏

♐

Tomatoes

r. l.

used

r. l.

r. l.

r. l.

Pepper

used

r. l.

r. l.

r. l.

l. l.

Eggplant

used

r. l.

r. l.

n.s.

l. l.

Cucumbers

b. y

r. l.

r. l.

n.s.

r. l.

r. l.

Legumes

r. l.

l. l.

l. l.

n.s.

Zucchini

l. l.

r. l.

r. l.

n.s.

Cabbage

d.h.

used

u. l. d.h.

r. l.

r. l.

d.h.

Onion

u. l. d.h.

u. l. d.h.

u. l.

n.s.

u. l.

d.h.

l. l.

Potato

u. l. d.h.

u. l. d.h.

u. l.

n.s.

u. l.

d.h.

Carrot

u. l. d.h.

u. l. d.h.

u. l.

n.s.

u. l.

d.h.

Radish

u. l.

used

used

u. l.

u. l.

Radish

u. l. d.h.

d.h.

u. l.

n.s.

u. l.

Turnip

u. l. d.h.

d.h. l. l.

u. l.

n.s.

u. l.

d.h.

Beet

u. l. d.h.

d.h. l. l.

u. l.

n.s.

u. l.

d.h.

Pumpkin

d.h.

l. l.

r. l.

d.h.

r. l.

r. l.

d.h.

r. l.

Garlic

u. l. d.h.

d.h. l. l.

u. l.

n.s.

l. l.

Salad

used

used

r. l.

Spinach

used

used

r. l.

Dill and parsley

used

used

r. l.

Flowers

l. l.

l. l.

l. l.

l. l.

l. l.

Ornamental plants

Strawberries

l. l.

l. l.

Berry bushes

r. l.

l. l.

Fruit trees

r. l.

During other periods there are no special prohibitions or recommendations.

Recommendations for sowing seeds for seedlings and planting them in open ground

Different plant species have different timings for sowing seeds and transplanting grown seedlings into open ground. These timings also depend on the variety and the length of the growing season. For some, it can take five months or more from seed to true leaf, while for others, a month is enough. The former can be planted as early as January or February, while the latter can be planted in April or May.

The table below will help you determine when to sow seeds of different plants for seedlings and then plant them in their permanent locations. We also provide brief recommendations on how to sow and care for each crop's seedlings.

Culture	Time of emergence of seedlings after planting	Age of planting in open ground (counted from the moment the first shoots appear in days)	Recommendations
Tomatoes (for greenhouses - from January to mid-March, for open ground - March-April)	At a temperature of +25…+30 °C after 2 weeks.	50-70 (depending on variety).	You can sow in either boxes or peat pellets. In the former case, transplant at the two true leaf stage. When sowing in pellets, transplant when roots emerge. For the first 2-3 days after germination, 24-hour supplemental lighting is necessary. Subsequently, it can be reduced to 14-16 hours. As the root system develops, transplant the seedlings into larger containers. This will allow for a more abundant harvest.
Pepper (from February to mid-March)	At a temperature of +25…+30 °C after 2-3 weeks.	60-80, eggplants up to 90	Sow in small pots or cassettes with subsequent transplantation by transshipment into more spacious containers. During the first few days after planting, additional lighting is required for 14-16 hours. At the 2-4 leaf stage, it can be reduced to 10-12 hours. If the bushes are more branched, you'll get a bountiful harvest. To achieve this, pinch off the 7th or 8th leaf to encourage vigorous growth of lateral shoots.
Eggplants (from February to mid-March)			First sow in small containers, then transplant into spacious pots. The plant loves light and requires supplemental lighting similar to that of peppers.
Watermelon, melon, cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkin, squash (April-May)	At a temperature of +23…+25 °C on days 3-4.	20-30	After the cotyledons unfold, reduce the temperature to +18° to prevent the seedlings from stretching. Plants require good lighting. The soil should always be slightly moist.
Root and stalk celery (February-April)	Pre-soaked seeds at a temperature of +20…+25 °C for 8-10 days.	60-70 at the 5-leaf stage.	Sowing should be carried out in peat tablets, pre-soaked in HB-101. Scatter the seeds over the surface and press them lightly with your thumbs, then place them in a container. Place it in a bright spot to prevent the seedlings from stretching and falling over. When planting in a permanent location, the plants do not need to be buried deep.
Potatoes (March-May) (by seeds in February)	At a temperature of +20…+25 °C in 7-9 days.	30-40	By this time, the seedlings should be 12-20 cm tall and have 5-6 true leaves. Planting occurs when the risk of frost has passed or in a greenhouse in May. When the sprouts reach 3 cm, transplant them into pots. The seedlings require treatment with HB-101 and extended daylight hours.
Cabbage (early white cabbage - end of January, medium - from mid-March, the rest - from the end of the month)	At a temperature of +20…+25 °C after 3 weeks.	45	Sow in cups to preserve the main taproot, which goes deep and feeds the crop with nutrients. Once the seedlings emerge, lower the temperature to +6…+8°C. After a few days, gradually increase the temperature. This is necessary to prevent the seedlings from becoming too tall. Cabbage should develop in a cool, bright place. If this isn't possible indoors, seedlings can be grown in a greenhouse in April-May.
Onion (from February to mid-March)	Pre-soaked seeds at a temperature of +20…+25 °C after 1-1.5 weeks.	60	You can sow directly into the containers where the seedlings will grow until they are planted outdoors. Space seeds 1-1.5 cm apart in a row. Space rows 2.5-3 cm apart. Before sowing, soak the seeds in hot water (40°C). Change the water several times, gradually reducing the temperature.
Strawberries (from February to mid-March, remontant from January)	At a temperature of +20…+25 °C after 2-3 weeks.	60-70	Sow seeds in peat pellets treated with NV-101. Place the seeds on the soil surface. Then place the peat pellets in lidded containers. Acclimate the seedlings to the room environment by removing the cover. There's another sowing method: spread snow over the soil surface and scatter the seeds on top. Refrigerate for three days, then move to a warmer location.
Annual flowers (February-April)	At a temperature of +20…+25 °C in 6-10 days.	if there is additional lighting - in February; without additional lighting - in March. Before transplanting seedlings to a permanent location, they should have at least 4-6 true leaves.	Scatter the seeds, uncoated, over the soil surface without covering them. Spray with water containing HB-101 and cover with plastic wrap or glass. Ventilate daily. Add soil as the seedlings grow. Sow granulated seeds into peat tablets, one at a time. Place them in a container with a transparent lid. When the plants reach 10-15 cm, pinch out the central and lateral shoots. This will make the bushes more luxuriant.
Perennial flowers (December-February)	Depends on the plant species.		Seeds of many flowers require stratification: Pour the soil mixture into the containers and water. Scatter the seeds over the surface, sprinkle them with soil, spray with water from a spray bottle, cover with a lid and place in a warm place. After a couple of weeks, move it to the refrigerator. After 6-8 weeks, move it to the windowsill. If no sprouts appear within a month, the steps can be repeated.

Help in deciphering information on seeds

The vegetables depicted on seed packets look juicy and ripe. It's tempting to grow a similar harvest. But to achieve this, you first need to understand the information on the packaging. The markings will indicate disease resistance and whether the varieties were bred through selective breeding (F), meaning they're not suitable for seed production.

Designation	Decoding, stability
A	To Alternaria (black spot)
C	To cladosporiosis (brown spot)
Tm	Tomato tobacco mosaic virus
V	Verticillium wilt of tomatoes and cucumbers
F	To Fusarium wilt
N	To damage by nematodes
P	To late blight
CTV	Cucumber mosaic virus
F1	First generation hybrid
F2	Second generation hybrid

In conclusion, I'd like to add that when purchasing seeds from specialty stores, you can check the planting dates on the packaging. Based on this, you can choose the optimal day, using the lunar calendar recommendations. If you've collected seeds from your own plot or from friends, the information provided in this article will make it easy to calculate all the dates yourself.

Some tips from Top.tomathouse.com

To get a quick, effortless harvest, sow early-ripening determinate and superdeterminate hybrids. Furthermore, they don't require a greenhouse; they can be grown outdoors.

Tomato varieties that are easier to grow and produce an early, abundant harvest

Variety	Ripening period (number of days from full germination to ripening) Yield of commercial fruits	Brief description	Fetus
Openwork	105-110 days 610 c/ha	An early-ripening, determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking and shaping. Suitable for salads.	Round, smooth, dense, fleshy, red, 220-250 g. Good taste.
Alaska	80-100 days 900-1100 c/ha	An early-ripening, determinate, standard variety for open ground and plastic shelters. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, smooth, red, 85-94 g. Good taste.
Andromeda	89-118 days 128-722 c/ha depending on the region (maximum in the Astrakhan region)	An early-ripening, determinate, non-standard variety for open ground. Suitable for salads. Marketability: 73-100%.	Flat-round, smooth, red, 73-121 g. Good taste.
Betta	78-83 days 540-600 c/ha	An ultra-early, determinate, standard variety for open ground. Suitable for salads.	Flat-round, red, slightly ribbed, 54-71 g. Good taste.
Seedless	about 110 days 800 c/ha	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads, canning, and pickling.	Round, fleshy, red, 100-110 g. Excellent taste.
Red cherry	95-102 days 300-400 c/ha (1 kg per plant)	An early-ripening indeterminate variety for open ground and greenhouses. Requires staking, pinching, and side shoots above the third or fourth cluster. Suitable for salads and whole-clump canning.	Round, red, smooth, 15-20 g. The taste is good and excellent.
Bonnie MM	83-88 days 550-650 c/ha	An ultra-early, determinate, standard variety for open ground and greenhouses. Suitable for salads.	Flat, slightly ribbed, red, 58-63 g. Good taste.
Gavroche	82-87 days 450-720 c/ha (1.5-1.8 kg per plant, based on 3-4 plants per sq.m)	An early-ripening, superdeterminate variety for open ground. Suitable for salads and canning.	Round, smooth, red, 40-50 g. Good taste.
Volgograd pink	90-100 days 400 c/ha	An early-ripening, determinate, low-growing tomato, suitable for outdoor cultivation. Maximum bush height is 60 cm. Suitable for fresh eating, canning, and processing into tomato products.	The tomatoes are round, flattening at the poles as they ripen. The color is pink, the flesh is juicy and sweet. The skin is thin but firm, weighing 80-130 g (up to 160 g). The flavor is good to excellent.
Summer resident	95-115 days 251-347 c/ha, maximum 358 c/ha (Krasnodar region).	An early-ripening determinate variety for open ground. Suitable for salads. Productivity: 74-100%.	Flat-round, red, 55-93 g. Good taste.

Photo gallery of easy-to-grow tomatoes

If the seedlings are stretched out

Due to insufficient light and elevated temperatures, seedlings begin to stretch. To prevent this:

1. Plant so that the leaves do not touch.
2. Limit watering.
3. Reduce the temperature to +18…+19 °C.